In this study, 48 non-heading Chinese cabbage germplasms collected in the Third National Survey and Collection Action on Crop Germplasm Resources in Zhejiang Province were used as materials for phenotypic identification and genetic diversity analysis. The results showed that the variation coefficient of 10 quantitative characters ranged from 23.33% to 50.29%, and the genetic diversity index ranged from 1.26 to 2.01. And the variation coefficients of 9 quality traits ranged from 14.57% to 65.77%, and the genetic diversity index ranged from 0.29 to 1.61. There was a high correlation between different characters, and a significant positive correlation between plant height, plant width, leaf length and petiole length, besides, the number of lotus leaves was negatively correlated with other characters. The cumulative contribution rate of first 5 principal components is 76.587%, which contains most of the information. The tested materials were classified into 5 groups by cluster analysis. The first group is Wuta-tsai, the second group is mainly erect-type leafy cabbage, the third group is Pak-choi, the fourth group is mainly milk Chinese cabbage and the fifth group is a hybrid group. This study provides theoretical basis for efficient utilization and breeding of non-heading Chinese cabbage germplasm resources in Zhejiang Province.