Chuchu Liu

Institute of Life Science, Jiyang College of Zhejiang AandF University, Zhuji, 311800, Zhejiang, China
Author    Correspondence author
Medicinal Plant Research, 2026, Vol. 16, No. 4   
Received: 20 Jun., 2026    Accepted: 08 Aug., 2026    Published: 23 Aug., 2026

This is an open access article published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Paris spp. are important medicinal plant resources in China, and their rhizomes are rich in bioactive compounds, particularly steroidal saponins, which possess high medicinal value and considerable potential for industrial utilization. However, long-term dependence on wild harvesting, habitat degradation, and limited natural regeneration capacity have resulted in continuous declines of wild Paris resources, increasing the risk of losing valuable germplasm and making it difficult to meet the sustainable development needs of the traditional Chinese medicine industry. This study investigates the causes of wild resource decline and the pathways for artificial germplasm restoration of Paris spp. This article analyzes population dynamics, and impacts of excessive harvesting and ecological changes on resource stability. Furthermore, the major constraints in artificial germplasm development are summarized, including high dependence on wild germplasm sources, long propagation cycles, insufficient rapid propagation systems, and incomplete genetic background and quality evaluation frameworks. To address these challenges, this study proposes a restoration strategy based on wild germplasm conservation and elite germplasm selection, supported by efficient propagation technologies, understory ecological cultivation, and standardized production systems. The potential applications of molecular markers, genomics-assisted breeding, and long-term resource management strategies in Paris germplasm innovation are also discussed. Future efforts should focus on wild resource conservation, core germplasm construction, precise evaluation of elite materials, and ecological adaptation-based cultivation to promote the transition of Paris resource utilization from wild collection-dependent exploitation toward artificial germplasm-driven and ecologically sustainable production systems. This review proposes theoretical references for genetic resource conservation, stable medicinal material supply, and sustainable industrial development of Paris spp.

Paris spp.; Wild resource decline; Artificial germplasm; Germplasm conservation; Propagation